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Lawrence Marcelle , Matthew Robb *
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Abstract: Mainstream economic thought rests on a picture of human actors as rational, calculating, and selfish. Since the 1980’s, the sub-discipline of behavioral economics has challenged mainstream economic thought by revealing limitations in the ordinary person’s ability to reason as orthodox theory predicts. People’s choices are influenced by the manner in which options are presented. And since many of the choices people make involve basic dimensions of moral life, including the chooser’s autonomy and general welfare, the structuring of choice situations is an irreducibly ethical enterprise. These topics are explored in “nudge theory,” which represents an attempt to understand the implications of behavioral economics for people involved in the shaping of others’ decisions. Nudge theory proposes that professional designers should structure choice situations on behalf of others in a paternalistic way: leveraging the designers’ expertise and superior knowledge to promote outcomes that serve choosers’ long-term interests. In this paper, the co-authors agree that paternalism can be a valid approach to ethical design practice in a limited range of cases. But in general, the program of “libertarian paternalism” advocated by nudge theorists represents a failure of imagination that arbitrarily forecloses opportunities for collective decision-making and reinforces unhealthy social divisions. Instead, a greater sensitivity to the potential of design thinking, specifically its capacity to incorporate a wide range of heterogeneous factors and perspectives, is a key to the ethical deployment of nudges. Design itself is the best answer to the question: how can economic thought register the results of the behavioral sciences in a thoughtful, creative, and defensible way? Through a series of examples drawn from the literature, the co-authors present a design-based critique of nudge theory, illustrating the interdisciplinary potential of design and aspects of the role design thinking may play in creating more harmonious and unified societies.
Jing Liu *
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Yuhao Wu ,
Jinxuan Li,
Abstract: This is a manuscript compiled based on Mr. Hideichi Misono’s speech at the 2024 International Design Services and Social Innovation Forum in Hong Kong on August 27th, 2024. Mr. Hideichi Misono is former design director of Toyota Design Center and has held positions such as Executive Vice President of Calty Design Research in California, Senior General Manager of Toyota Design Center, and President and CEO of Tecno Art Research. He once led the entire Toyota Design Group and played an important role in establishing Toyota’s design philosophy. In the field of education, he was a visiting professor at Chiba University and has given lectures and seminars in many countries. Misono is currently an executive advisor for the Japan Industrial Design Association (JIDA), supporting the overall operation of JIDA.
Hideichi Misono
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Hsuan-Chi Wen, Fang-Wu Tung *
Abstract: This study investigates the evolving role of mHealth services, emphasizing their potential to enhance well-being and promote a healthy lifestyle. The widespread adoption of mobile devices has led to a surge in mHealth services and a growing user base, creating the challenge of developing services that meet diverse needs. This research explores the requirements of different user segments for mHealth services, using health motivation and control beliefs as the basis for segmentation. The study categorizes mHealth services into eight distinct categories based on user perceptions and assesses how different segments prioritize and value these services. The findings offer insights into the characteristics and preferences of various mHealth user segments, guiding the development of targeted mHealth services that enhance engagement and overall well-being. Ultimately, this study contributes to innovation and development within the mHealth industry, providing a pathway for creating more effective and comprehensive service systems that address the varied needs of the population, fostering a more personalized approach to healthcare delivery.
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