Abstract: Waterfront spaces are an important component of public spaces in Macau, and their revitalization plays an indispensable role in the future development of the city. Guided by the urban renewal requirements of the Macau SAR government, the concept of "organic ecology" for Macau's waterfront spaces has been proposed based on landscape urbanism, focusing on the creation of landscaped waterfront spaces. Building an "organic ecology" waterfront space with landscape as the core can be comprehensively planned from the perspectives of thinking, culture, and ecology, strengthening the connections between different areas and functions. Based on the current status and existing issues of Macau's waterfront spaces, this article proposes strategies for waterfront space construction, including the establishment of ecological patterns and landscape infrastructure, updating the functions of waterfront spaces, and human intervention in nature. This aims to create an integrated spatial form, ecological system, and landscape service system, optimize and adjust the urban space, and promote the sustainable development of Macau's waterfront spaces and urban landscapes in an "organic ecological" manner.

Abstract: The "wicked problem" in the process of urbanization is often highlighted by the dilemma of being unable to make decisions, and each city has its own unique and stable internal cultural factors that also affect it. In the planning scheme, to integrate a historical district located in a village on the urban fringe into the overall urban construction system, it is necessary to consider both explicit and implicit influencing factors. This study examines the problems faced by decision-making regarding sustainable social innovation through field research in "villages on the urban fringe", represented by the Southern Spring Town Historical District in Wuxi. On the premise of protecting urban diversity and cultural recognizability, the "wicked problem" factors that affect the protection and innovative design of the historical district and their framework are analysed by comparing the explicit and implicit factors of the district. This study finds that the residents of this district have undergone spontaneous renewal and changes driven by increasing tourists. These changes are not the result of guidance by government planning and management, nor are they promoted by designers. Additionally, the residents of the Southern Spring Town Historical District generally recognize the unique value of the district's historical and humanistic landscape. Self-driven power makes the residents' meaning of environmental protection increase. They actively engage in catering and cultural business activities with Jiangnan regional features. Worries over the district's lack of successors no longer exist, and a new hope for sustainable development has been gained. We believe that before using planning tools and design thinking to solve the problem of ageing historical districts under the trend of sustainable development, it is necessary to have a deeper understanding of the actual operation of such districts and their real needs and to allow time and space for local residents to solve the "wicked problem" through self-regulation to ultimately achieve the long-term goal of district preservation and sustainable development in a balanced manner.